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Week 6: (END) ISS In My Own Words. Signed-off-by: Tj H <Tj.Physicist@gmail.com>

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+\documentclass[letterpaper,12pt,english]{article} %report for homework
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+
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+\usepackage{babel}
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+\usepackage{times}
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+\usepackage{pifont}
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+\usepackage{moreverb}
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+\usepackage{alltt}
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+\usepackage[pdfauthor={Tejas (Tj) Hariharan}]{hyperref}
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+
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+
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+\begin{document}
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+\renewcommand{\subitem}{\item[\ding{229}]}
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+\renewcommand{\it}{\item[\ding{225}]}
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+
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+\title{IMOW 5: Fascism}
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+\maketitle
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+
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+\begin{itemize}
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+  \it Eugenics: Canadians had the eugenics programme the longest among any
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+  developed country.
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+  \subitem Role of eugenics in the idea of the Aryan race and hitler's ideas
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+  of it etc.
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+  \it \textbf{Fascism: }Radical, Authoritarian, Nationalist ideology.
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+  \subitem Fascists argue that the state is an organic, united community that
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+  requires strong and total leadership and needs singular, collective identity.
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+  \subitem This is the first group we have studied that talks about War in a
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+  positive manner, the fascists say that War plays a role in building and
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+  keeping national spirit and vitality. Military should rule, and the leader
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+  should be chose from the military via merit.
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+  \subitem Nationalism is very important to Fascism, and a UNITED nationalism,
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+  they would be against multi-cultural ism etc.
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+  \it Fascists root themselves in maintaining tradition, in that way they are
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+  similar to conservatism.
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+  \subitem Once they are in power, social change is a big no-no, while the
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+  rise to power is very bloody, and full of revolution.
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+  \it Economically, they are seen as a third option, a hybrid system where corporates exist
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+  and work with labour but work are controlled by the state. A midway between
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+  capitalism and Marxism.
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+  \it Rooted in national, political and economic autonomy. Fascists seek to be
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+  completely independent and autonomous in economic and national decisions.
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+  They want to close the borders, economic independence is paramount to being
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+  fully autonomous.
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+  \it They usually have a movement and a mass mobilisation of the youth (indoctrination through the youth).
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+  \it While Marx talked about the influence of the socio-economy on the
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+  institutions, fascists on the other hand USE these institutions to make
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+  changes to the socio-economic structures
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+  \it Fascism is on the rise today, due to the emerging global economic
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+  issues, and the rise of globalisation and multi-culturalism
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+  etc, also in the developed countries (usually anti-immigration).
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+  \subitem This works very well, due to the charismatic leader.
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+\end{itemize}
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+
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+\section{Mussolini}
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+\begin{itemize}
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+  \it Both him and Hitler were raised as socialists, and earlier were
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+  socialists, but rejected it due to Marxists ideas of equality, that was part
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+  of the socialist movement.
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+  \subitem Shifts thinking from Class Conflict thinking, to National Conflict
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+  thinking. War can solidify National identity.
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+  \it Both him and Hitler rose to power in a very similar fashion (did the
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+  same things).
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+  \subitem Started off, creating public works, combated economic recessions
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+  etc. These are services that were built to give the young unemployed people
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+  jobs; the idea is to MAKE the country self-sufficient.
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+  \subitem This also showed him as a nice person, who is all for `nation
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+  building' etc.
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+  \it He asked everyone to give up their gold, so as to get out of the
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+  economic slump, TOGETHER, this is all tied to the idea of ``nation building''.
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+  \it Most important thing here, to remember as a reason to a lot of what was
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+  done early on (see slide) is the idea of nation building, national pride and
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+  trying to keep everything autonomous as a nation and within the country.
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+  \it Autarky: Self Sufficient, independent country.
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+  \it Mussolini was less concerned about race, and was actively pursuing
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+  colonisation, anyone could be Italian (Nation vs State, nation=one culture,
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+  one tradition, state is more multi-cultural). Hitler wanted to build the
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+  nation of Germany, while Mussolini wanted to expand the state.
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+  \subitem Hitler and Mussolini had a fall out due to this.
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+  \it Mussolini did the othering in terms of `other states' while Hitler did
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+  it in terms of `other people'/`other nations' (like Jews etc).
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+\end{itemize}
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+
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+\section{Hitler}
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+\begin{itemize}
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+  \it Introduced to Anti-Semitism in his early 20s. Much of this influence
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+  came from Martin Luther remarks about Jewish peoples.
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+  \subitem He did not start out hating Jews, that came slowly.
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+  \it He started out going to the Nazi party meetings as originally a police
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+  spy, but liked what they were saying.
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+  \it Unlike Mussolini, Hitler was democratically elected in, in a series of
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+  elections (but only won by a vote of 37percent of votes).
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+  \it Post-WWI as post-war, and the economic issues of post-war.
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+  \subitem anti-Semitism was already there, but Hitler just tapped into this
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+  already existing sentiment.
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+  \subitem what do you do with the soldiers who are coming home after the war?
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+  \it ``The construction of the other'': Giving a group of people the
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+  qualities of the ``other'' so as to portray them as `not you' and able to do
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+  horrible things to them.
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+  \subitem De-Humanise them, this is something Hitler did.
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+  \it Like Mussolini, he created working programmes for the unemployed youth,
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+  so as to indoctrinate the youth.
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+  \it He also paid women to stay and home and have kids, for various reasons
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+  such as freeing up labour force, indoctrination via the family etc. (note:
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+  only women of the right `race').
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+  \subitem c.f: Eugenics.
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+  \subitem Movie: Meeting of the Nazi leadership to decide the `final
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+  solution', they DID NOT start out saying that we should just kill them.
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+  \it The Eugenics Movement: Part of the construction of the other.
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+  \subitem Eugenics Means \emph{Well Born}. Created as a part of Social Darwinism.
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+  \subitem Both Positive (encouraging only certain people TO have children,
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+  eg: Hitler giving money to certain women to have kids) and Negative Eugenics (Limiting certain groups from
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+  having children).
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+  \subitem In Canada we had both, and Hitler used both as well. In Canada we
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+  concentrated the eugenics programme on the mentally ill etc, but this
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+  crossed into racism as well.
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+  \subitem After WWII and where we saw the eugenics programme lead (ie:
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+  Hitlers eugenics programme), most countries stopped the eugenics programme,
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+  except for Canada which continued well into the 50s.
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+  \it Hitler's eugenics programme, although concentrated on the Jewish
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+  peoples, a lot of other peoples died as well, anyone who was NOT seen as the
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+  Aryan.
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+  \subitem The racism here, was important and was very necessary for the
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+  `construction of the other'.
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+\end{itemize}
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+
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+\section{Fascism}
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+\begin{itemize}
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+  \it Against both CL and Marxism, as Fascism rejects notions of perpetual
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+  peace, democracy, ideas of rational humans (part of CL), and ideas of
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+  tolerance and equality were rejected in Fascism.
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+  \it Rejected Marxism: There is no class war (part of the notion of national
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+  solidarity), dictatorship of a LEADER and not the proletariat/intelligentia.
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+  \it Unlike Marx, religion (although an issue in some ways to Hitler as well
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+  as Mussolini) they used the mythology of religion to lead an irrational
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+  peoples.
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+  \it Nation-State: Nation and State are intertwined to Fascists.
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+  \subitem Some Fascists will accept colonies others will not (Hitler would
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+  not want everyone to become German but Mussolini would want everyone to
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+  become Italian under him).
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+  \subitem Eugenics used to build the nation and control the population of the
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+  state.
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+  \it Racism: Hitler for instance created scientific research to justify and
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+  solidify existing ideas of Racial and Gender separation. Racism exists, and
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+  ideas of scientific racial differences etc, come about as a result of these
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+  \it Autarky: Is it possible in a modern globalised era?
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+  \it Unlike Marx, fascists saw the complex relationships between Institutions
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+  and Economy (Marx's ideas of Economic Determinism), and Fascism challenged
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+  Marxists notions of the power of religion etc.
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+  \it Does Fascism imply cruelty, at least any more than the interpretations
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+  of other models?
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+  \it What happens if the leader dies in Fascism? Autarky as difficult to
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+  sustain.
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+\end{itemize}
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+
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+\end{document}